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| Macak, Miroslav. |
| Long-term using of fossil fuels has caused global climatic changes. Using of the renewable energy sources based on the field crop biomass can be considered as a tool allowing compensating the negative consequences of the fossil fuels. Among different types of biomass based fuels the straw baled in the form of square bales plays an important role. Until now the research pays only small attention to the environmental effects related to the using of the straw for energy purposes. The aim of the paper was to analyze the effect of moisture content of the straw used for energy purposes. The straw has been baled to the form of large square bales. The straw bales were burned in special boiler. The quality of incineration process was monitored for different straw... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Baled straw for energy purposes; Laboratory experiments; Straw burning; Emission factors. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3081 |
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| Schill, Caroline; The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics, The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; caroline.schill@beijer.kva.se; Lindahl, Therese; The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics, The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; therese.lindahl@beijer.kva.se. |
| Ecosystems can undergo regime shifts that potentially lead to a substantial decrease in the availability of provisioning ecosystem services. Recent research suggests that the frequency and intensity of regime shifts increase with growing anthropogenic pressure, so understanding the underlying social-ecological dynamics is crucial, particularly in contexts where livelihoods depend heavily on local ecosystem services. In such settings, ecosystem services are often derived from common-pool resources. The limited capacity to predict regime shifts is a major challenge for common-pool resource management, as well as for systematic empirical analysis of individual and group behavior, because of the need for extensive preshift and postshift data. Unsurprisingly,... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Common-pool resources; Cooperation; Ecological dynamics; Laboratory experiments; Regime shifts; Risk; Social-ecological systems; Thresholds; Uncertainty. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Suquet, Marc; Rochet, Marie-joelle; Gaignon, Jean-louis. |
| Because of natural complexity, field studies are often inconclusive with regards to the ultimate cause of a given change observed in wild animal populations. As a consequence, there is scope to develop an Experimental Ecology Approach (EEA). In this paper, we favour the use of experimental ecology studies to evaluate the effects of environmental factors on fish biology. We identify the advantages of EEA: disentangling the effects of several factors and identifying their respective roles, generating artificial scenarios and increasing our capability to collect and analyse data. This study emphasises the constraints of this approach: fish biological performances may be altered by rearing conditions, by domestication and by the prevention of some behaviours.... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Cod; Field study; Environmental parameters; Laboratory experiments; Experimental ecology. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-714.pdf |
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| Grasso, Florent; Carlier, Antoine; Cugier, Philippe; Verney, Romaric; Marzloff, Martin. |
| In coastal environments, strong feedback can exist between benthic fauna and sediment dynamics. Benthic populations can modify sediment dynamics through biofiltration and bioturbation, while hydro- and sediment dynamics directly determine local environmental conditions for benthic organisms. However, these complex feedbacks are difficult to study in situ. Here, we carried out mesocosm experiments to characterize the effects of a benthic species (the gastropod Crepidula fornicata) on mud dynamics under hydrodynamic conditions representative of their natural habitat. Different experimental tests related to the inclusion (or not) of dead or live crepidula reveal that biofiltration can increase particle settling up to 40%. Flocculation, which is strengthened... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Laboratory experiments; Coastal processes; Physical-biological interactions; Benthic engineer species; Mud settling; Flocculation; Biofiltration; Organic matter. |
| Ano: 2020 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00662/77403/79043.pdf |
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| Janssen, Marco A; School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University; Marco.Janssen@asu.edu. |
| Case-study analysis shows that long-lasting social–ecological systems have institutional arrangements regulating where, when, and how to appropriate resources instead of how much. Those cases testify to the importance of the fit between ecological and institutional dynamics. Experiments are increasingly used to study decision making, test alternative behavioral models, and test policies. In typical commons dilemma experiments, the only possible decision is how much to appropriate. Therefore, conventional experiments restrict the option to study the interplay between ecological and institutional dynamics. Using a new real-time, spatial, renewable resource environment, we can study the informal norms that participants develop in an experimental... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Common-pool resources; Communication; Institutional innovation; Laboratory experiments; Problem of fit. |
| Ano: 2010 |
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| Baggio, Jacopo A.; Center for Behavior, Institutions and the Environment, Arizona State University; Department of Environment and Society, Utah State University; jbaggio@asu.edu; Rollins, Nathan D.; Center for Behavior, Institutions and the Environment, School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University; nathan.rollins@asu.edu; Janssen, Marco A.; Center for Behavior, Institutions and the Environment, School of Sustainability, Arizona State University; Marco.Janssen@asu.edu. |
| Research on collective action and common-pool resources is extensive. However, little work has concentrated on the effect of variability in resource availability and collective action, especially in the context of asymmetric access to resources. Earlier works have demonstrated that environmental variability often leads to a reduction of collective action in the governance of shared resources. Here we assess how environmental variability may impact collective action. We performed a behavioral experiment involving an irrigation dilemma. In this dilemma participants invested first into a public fund that generated water resources for the group, which were subsequently appropriated by one participant at a time from head end to tail end. The amount of resource... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Asymmetry; Common-pool resources; Feedbacks; Laboratory experiments; Trust; Variability. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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